TopEduPrep · Competition Mathematics

AMC 10
Master Prep

All Major Topics · 20 Real-Style Problems · Timed

40 minutes 20 Questions AMC 10 Style
Time 40:00
0 / 20
01
Core Concepts & Formulas
Everything you must know cold
NT
Number Theory
★ Memorize
Prime Factorization n = p₁ᵃ · p₂ᵇ · p₃ᶜ…
Number of factors = (a+1)(b+1)(c+1)…
LCM & GCD LCM(a,b) × GCD(a,b) = a × b
Modular Arithmetic Trick Powers cycle in mod. Find cycle length, then reduce exponent.
▸ Quick Example

How many factors does 360 have?

360 = 2³ · 3² · 5¹

→ (3+1)(2+1)(1+1) = 24 factors

AL
Algebra
★ Memorize
Vieta's Formulas (Quadratic ax²+bx+c=0) Sum of roots = −b/a
Product of roots = c/a
Key Identity x² + y² = (x+y)² − 2xy
Percent Change Markup p%, then discount q%: net = (1 + p/100)(1 − q/100) − 1
▸ Quick Example

x + y = 10, xy = 21. Find x² + y².

→ 10² − 2(21) = 100 − 42 = 58

GE
Geometry
★ Memorize
Pythagorean Triples (3,4,5) (5,12,13) (8,15,17) (7,24,25)
Circle Area = πr² Circumference = 2πr
Similar Triangles Side ratio k → Area ratio k²
Coordinate Midpoint = ((x₁+x₂)/2, (y₁+y₂)/2)
Distance = √[(x₂−x₁)² + (y₂−y₁)²]
▸ Quick Example

Right triangle with legs 5 and 12. Find the hypotenuse.

→ √(25+144) = √169 = 13

CP
Counting & Probability
★ Memorize
Permutations & Combinations P(n,r) = n!/(n−r)!
C(n,r) = n! / [r!(n−r)!]
Probability Rules P(A∪B) = P(A) + P(B) − P(A∩B)
P(B|A) = P(A∩B) / P(A)
▸ Quick Example

Arrange 4 books chosen from 6 different books. How many ways?

→ P(6,4) = 6×5×4×3 = 360

SQ
Sequences & Series
★ Memorize
Arithmetic Sequence aₙ = a₁ + (n−1)d
Sₙ = n(a₁ + aₙ)/2
Geometric Sequence aₙ = a₁ · rⁿ⁻¹
Sₙ = a₁(rⁿ − 1)/(r − 1)
▸ Quick Example

Geometric: a₁ = 2, r = 3. Find S₄.

→ 2(3⁴−1)/(3−1) = 2(80)/2 = 80

· · ·
02
Practice Problems
20 AMC 10-style questions · choose and get instant feedback

Ready to compete?

Answer all 20 questions. The timer starts when you begin.
Correct answers earn a confetti moment. Wrong answers reveal the solution immediately.

PROBLEM 01 Number Theory

What is the sum of all positive integers less than 20 that are divisible by neither 2 nor 3?

✦ Full Solution

List all integers from 1 to 19 not divisible by 2 or 3:

1, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19
Sum = 1+5+7+11+13+17+19 = 73

These are exactly the integers coprime to 6 in the range.

PROBLEM 02Percent / Algebra

A store first marks up an item by 25%, then applies a 20% discount to the new price. What is the net percentage change from the original price?

✦ Full Solution

Let original price = $100.

After 25% markup: 100 × 1.25 = $125
After 20% discount: 125 × 0.80 = $100
Net change = 100 − 100 = 0%

Key insight: 1.25 × 0.80 = 1.00. The two operations exactly cancel.

PROBLEM 03Geometry — Right Triangles

A right triangle has legs of length 5 and 12. What is the length of the hypotenuse?

✦ Full Solution

Apply the Pythagorean theorem:

c² = 5² + 12² = 25 + 144 = 169
c = √169 = 13

(5, 12, 13) is a fundamental Pythagorean triple. Memorize it!

PROBLEM 04Counting

How many 3-digit positive integers have digits that sum to exactly 5?

✦ Full Solution

The hundreds digit h ≥ 1. Let h go from 1 to 5; tens digit t and units digit u = 5 − h − t ≥ 0.

h=1: t=0..4 → 5 numbers (104,113,122,131,140)
h=2: t=0..3 → 4 numbers
h=3: t=0..2 → 3 numbers
h=4: t=0..1 → 2 numbers
h=5: t=0 → 1 number
Total = 5+4+3+2+1 = 15
PROBLEM 05Sequences — Arithmetic

In an arithmetic sequence, the first term is 3 and the common difference is 7. What is the 10th term?

✦ Full Solution
aₙ = a₁ + (n−1)d
a₁₀ = 3 + (10−1)(7)
= 3 + 9 × 7
= 3 + 63 = 66
PROBLEM 06Algebra — Identities

If x + y = 10 and xy = 21, what is the value of x² + y²?

✦ Full Solution

Use the key identity: x² + y² = (x+y)² − 2xy

x² + y² = 10² − 2(21)
= 100 − 42
= 58
PROBLEM 07Number Theory — LCM

What is the least common multiple (LCM) of 12 and 18?

✦ Full Solution
12 = 2² × 3
18 = 2 × 3²
LCM = 2² × 3² = 4 × 9 = 36

Take the highest power of each prime factor.

PROBLEM 08Geometry — Circles

A circle has a radius of 5. What is the area of the circle in terms of π?

✦ Full Solution
Area = π × r² = π × 5² = 25π

A common error is using 2r or forgetting to square. Always: A = πr².

PROBLEM 09Probability — Union Rule

Events A and B satisfy P(A) = 0.4, P(B) = 0.5, and P(A ∩ B) = 0.2. What is P(A ∪ B)?

✦ Full Solution

Inclusion-Exclusion Principle:

P(A∪B) = P(A) + P(B) − P(A∩B)
= 0.4 + 0.5 − 0.2
= 0.7
PROBLEM 10Algebra — Rate Problems

A train travels 240 miles in 4 hours. At the same speed, how many hours will it take to travel 360 miles?

✦ Full Solution
Rate = 240 ÷ 4 = 60 mph
Time = 360 ÷ 60 = 6 hours

Or use proportions: 240/4 = 360/t → t = 360×4/240 = 6.

PROBLEM 11Counting — Permutations

In how many ways can 4 books be selected and arranged in order from a shelf of 6 different books?

✦ Full Solution

Order matters, so use permutations:

P(6,4) = 6!/(6−4)! = 6!/2!
= 6 × 5 × 4 × 3
= 360
PROBLEM 12Geometry — Rectangles

A rectangle has length 8 and width 6. What is the length of its diagonal?

✦ Full Solution
d² = 8² + 6² = 64 + 36 = 100
d = √100 = 10

(6, 8, 10) = 2 × (3, 4, 5). Recognize scaled Pythagorean triples!

PROBLEM 13Algebra — Quadratics

What are the solutions to x² − 7x + 12 = 0?

✦ Full Solution

Factor: find two numbers with product 12 and sum 7.

x² − 7x + 12 = (x − 3)(x − 4) = 0
x = 3 or x = 4

Verify: 3+4=7 ✓, 3×4=12 ✓

PROBLEM 14Number Theory — Factor Counting

How many positive divisors does 360 have?

✦ Full Solution
360 = 2³ × 3² × 5¹
Number of divisors = (3+1)(2+1)(1+1)
= 4 × 3 × 2 = 24
PROBLEM 15Geometry — Similar Triangles

A triangle with sides 3, 4, and 5 is similar to a larger triangle whose shortest side has length 9. What is the perimeter of the larger triangle?

✦ Full Solution
Scale factor = 9 ÷ 3 = 3
Larger sides = 9, 12, 15
Perimeter = 9 + 12 + 15 = 36

Note: 9, 12, 15 is 3 × (3,4,5) — still a right triangle.

PROBLEM 16Algebra — Absolute Value Inequalities

What is the solution set of the inequality |2x − 3| ≤ 7?

✦ Full Solution
|2x − 3| ≤ 7
⟹ −7 ≤ 2x − 3 ≤ 7
⟹ −4 ≤ 2x ≤ 10
−2 ≤ x ≤ 5
PROBLEM 17Sequences — Geometric Series

In a geometric sequence with first term 2 and common ratio 3, what is the sum of the first 4 terms?

✦ Full Solution
Terms: 2, 6, 18, 54
Sₙ = a₁(rⁿ−1)/(r−1) = 2(3⁴−1)/(3−1)
= 2(81−1)/2 = 80
Check: 2+6+18+54 = 80
PROBLEM 18Probability — Conditional

If P(A ∩ B) = 0.3 and P(A) = 0.5, what is P(B | A)?

✦ Full Solution

Conditional probability formula:

P(B|A) = P(A∩B) / P(A)
= 0.3 / 0.5
= 0.6
PROBLEM 19Number Theory — Modular Arithmetic

What is the remainder when 2¹⁰ is divided by 7?

✦ Full Solution

Find the repeating cycle of powers of 2 mod 7:

2¹ mod 7 = 2
2² mod 7 = 4
2³ mod 7 = 8 mod 7 = 1 ← cycle length 3

10 = 3×3 + 1, so 2¹⁰ ≡ 2¹ = 2 (mod 7)
PROBLEM 20Coordinate Geometry

What is the midpoint of the segment connecting the points (2, 4) and (8, 10)?

✦ Full Solution
Midpoint = ((x₁+x₂)/2 , (y₁+y₂)/2)
= ((2+8)/2 , (4+10)/2)
= (10/2 , 14/2)
= (5, 7)
Final Score
0Correct
0Wrong
Time Used

· · ·
03
Complete Solutions
Full worked solutions to all 20 problems